For his performance he has earned nominations for the Primetime Emmy Award, the Golden Globe Award, the Screen Actors Guild Award and a Critics' Choice Television Award. Since 2021, he has co-starred in the Hulu comedy series Only Murders in the Building alongside Martin and Selena Gomez. In 2018, they released their Netflix special An Evening You Will Forget for the Rest of Your Life for which they received four Primetime Emmy Award nominations. In 2015, Short started touring nationally with fellow comedian Steve Martin.

Short also provided voice-work for films like The Pebble and the Penguin (1995), The Prince of Egypt (1998), Jimmy Neutron: Boy Genius (2001), Treasure Planet (2002), 101 Dalmatians II: Patch's London Adventure (2003), Barbie as the Princess and the Pauper (2004), The Spiderwick Chronicles (2008), Madagascar 3: Europe's Most Wanted, Frankenweenie (both 2012), and The Wind Rises (2013). He has starred in comedy films such as Three Amigos (1986), Innerspace (1987), Three Fugitives (1989), Father of the Bride (1991), Captain Ron (1992), Clifford (1994), Mars Attacks! (1996), Jungle 2 Jungle (1997), and The Santa Clause 3: The Escape Clause (2006). The latter earned him a Tony Award for Best Actor in a Musical and the former a nomination in the same category. He has also had an active career on stage, starring in Broadway productions including Neil Simon's musicals The Goodbye Girl (1993) and Little Me (1998–1999). He also acted in the sitcom Mulaney (2014–2015), the variety series Maya & Marty (2016), and The Morning Show (2019).

Short created the characters Jiminy Glick and Ed Grimley. He is known for his work on the television programs SCTV and Saturday Night Live.

Short was awarded as an Officer of the Order of Canada in 2019. He has received various awards including two Primetime Emmy Awards, and a Tony Award. He has also acted in numerous films and television shows. Short is known as an energetic comedian who gained prominence for his roles in sketch comedy. Martin Hayter Short OC (born Ma) is a Canadian-American actor, comedian, singer, and writer.

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